I-Tubular Pasteurizer kwiMveliso yeMargarine

I. Kutheni i-tubular pasteurizer iyimfuneko ekuvelisweni kwe-margarine?

Izinto ezisetyenziswa kwi-margarine ziquka ioyile yemifuno ecociweyo, amanzi, izinto zobisi (ezifana nomgubo wobisi, umgubo we-whey), izinto ezixubayo, ityuwa, iivithamini, kunye neencasa. Ezi zinto, ingakumbi iindawo zamanzi kunye nezinto zobisi, ziyindlela entle yokukhulisa iintsholongwane (ezifana neebhaktheriya, igwele, kunye nomngundo). Ukuba azisuswanga ngokufanelekileyo kwi-pasteurization, imveliso iya konakala ngexesha elifutshane kwaye inokubangela iingxaki zokhuseleko lokutya.

Umsebenzi ophambili we-tubular pasteurizer kukubulala ngokupheleleyo iintsholongwane ezibangela izifo nezonakalise ulwelo lwezinto eziluhlaza ngaphambi kokuba imveliso ixutywe kwaye ibunjwe, ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lweempawu ze-microbial zemveliso kunye nokwandisa ixesha layo lokuphelelwa.

II. Inkqubo yokusebenza kwe-tubular pasteurizer kumgca wokuvelisa imajarini

Isixhobo esiqhelekileyo sokuthambisa i-tubular sidityaniswe emva kwenkqubo ye-emulsification nangaphambi komatshini wokupholisa ngokukhawuleza (iVotator okanye iScraped Surface Heat Exchanger). Inkqubo yaso yokusebenza yile ilandelayo:

1. Ukufudumeza kunye nokudibanisa:

o Umxube wamanzi eoyile kunye namanzi axutyiweyo ngaphambili kunye namanzi axutyiweyo (ngoku sele eyi-emulsion) ufakwa kuqala kwinkqubo yokucoca.

o Izinto ezisetyenziswayo zidlula kwicandelo lokufudumeza kwangaphambili, apho ubushushu bunyuswa bufikelele kubushushu obufanelekileyo bokulungelelanisa (ngesiqhelo yi-60-70°C).

Emva koko, izinto ezishushu kakhulu zingena kwivalvu ye-homogenization enoxinzelelo oluphezulu kwaye ziyaqhekeka phantsi koxinzelelo oluphezulu kakhulu (umz., i-150-200 bar), zenze iiglobules zamafutha ezincinci kakhulu nezifanayo kunye namaconsi amanzi, nto leyo ephucula kakhulu uzinzo kunye nokuthungwa kwemveliso.

2. Icandelo lokubulala iintsholongwane:

o Izinto ezihomogenized zingena kwicandelo lokufudumeza le-tubular pasteurizer. Apha, izinto zihamba ngeetyhubhu ezixineneyo ezijikelezwe ngumphunga okanye amanzi ashushu anoxinzelelo oluphezulu, kwaye ubushushu bunyuswa ngokukhawuleza ukuya kubushushu obumiselweyo be-pasteurization ngexesha elifutshane kakhulu.

o Iiparamitha zenkqubo yokuthambisa:

 Ubushushu: 85°C - 95°C (ihlengahlengiswe ngokwefomula kunye neemfuno zenkqubo; ezinye iifomyula zinokuba phezulu).

 Ixesha: ligcinwa imizuzwana eli-15 ukuya kwengama-30. Eli "xesha lokubamba" lifezekiswa ngokuyila ubude obuthile "betyhubhu yokubamba" kwipayipi.

Le nkqubo "yexesha elifutshane lobushushu obuphezulu (HTST)" inokubulala ngempumelelo zonke iintsholongwane ezibangela izifo kunye nezonakeleyo ezininzi ngelixa inciphisa umonakalo wobushushu kwincasa yemveliso, umbala, kunye nezithako zesondlo.

3. Icandelo lokupholisa:

Emva kokufakelwa i-pasteurization, izinto kufuneka zipholiswe ngoko nangoko ukuthintela ukufudumala okugqithisileyo kunye nokukhula kwakhona kweentsholongwane.

o Izinto ezifakwa kwindawo yokupholisa zize zitshintshe ubushushu ngesixhobo esibandayo (ngesiqhelo amanzi anomkhenkce), zinciphisa ubushushu ngokukhawuleza ziye kubushushu obufunekayo kwiinkqubo ezilandelayo (ngesiqhelo i-40°C - 50°C) ukuze zingene kumatshini wokupholisa ngokukhawuleza ukuze zikhanye.

4. Inkqubo yokubuyisela ubushushu (ukhetho kodwa ulungelelwaniso olusebenzayo kakhulu):

o Izixhobo zokubulala iintsholongwane zanamhlanje zihlala zixhotyiswe ngenkqubo yokubuyisela ubushushu.

o Izinto ezibandayo ezingena kwicandelo lokufudumeza kunye nezinto ezishushu eziphuma kwicandelo lokufunxa zitshintshiselwa ubushushu kwangaphambili kwisixhobo esikhethekileyo sokufudumeza.

o Iingenelo:

 Ukonga amandla: Izinto ezishushu zipholile kwangaphambili, kwaye izinto ezibandayo zifudunyezwa kwangaphambili, nto leyo enciphisa kakhulu ukusetyenziswa komphunga namanzi apholisayo.

 Ukukhuselwa kwemveliso: Kuthintela ubushushu obuphezulu kunye nokubiliswa okubangelwa kukudibana ngqo kwezinto ezibandayo neendonga ezishushu kakhulu.

III. Iingenelo ze-tubular pasteurizer ngaphezu kwezinye iindlela ze-pasteurization

1. Imveliso eqhubekayo: Xa kuthelekiswa neeketile ze-batch pasteurization, i-tubular pasteurizer inokudityaniswa ngokungenamthungo neenkqubo zangaphambili nezilandelayo, okuvumela imveliso eqhubekayo ngokupheleleyo nezenzekelayo ngokusebenza kakuhle kakhulu. 2. Umgangatho ophezulu wemveliso: Inkqubo ye-HTST ikhulisa ukugcinwa kwencasa kunye nezondlo zezinto eziluhlaza, ithintela incasa ephekiweyo ebangelwa kukufudumala ixesha elide.

3. Ukusetyenziswa kwamandla aphezulu obushushu: Ngenxa yenkqubo yokubuyisela ubushushu, ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kuncitshiswe kakhulu, nto leyo eyenza iindleko zokusebenza zibe luncedo ngakumbi.

4. Indawo encinci: Ulwakhiwo oluncinci, kulula ukuludibanisa kwimigca yemveliso ekhoyo.

5. Uyilo lococeko: Yenziwe ngentsimbi engagqwaliyo, ihlangabezana nemigangatho yococeko ye-3-A, ayinazo iikona zococeko ezifileyo, kwaye kulula ukuyenza i-CIP (ukucoca kwindawo) kunye ne-SIP (ukubulala iintsholongwane kwindawo).

IV. Izinto ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe xa kusenziwa isicelo

1. Ulawulo oluchanekileyo lweeparamitha zenkqubo: Ubushushu, uxinzelelo, kunye nesantya sokuhamba kwamanzi kufuneka zigcinwe zizinzile. Nokuba kukutshintshatshintsha okuncinci kunokuchaphazela isiphumo sokubulala iintsholongwane (ixabiso le-F) okanye kubangele ukubola kwemveliso (njengokuqunjelwa kweproteni).

2. Ingxaki yokungcolisa: Iiproteni ezikwizinto ezisetyenziswayo zidla ngokujika zibe yi-caramel eludongeni lweetyhubhu xa kushushu kakhulu. Ukucoca rhoqo nge-CIP (ngesiqhelo kusetyenziswa izisombululo ze-alkaline kunye ne-asidi ekujikelezeni kwegazi) kuyimfuneko; kungenjalo, kuya kuchaphazela ukusebenza kakuhle kokudluliselwa kobushushu kunye nococeko lwemveliso.

3. Ukugcinwa kwevalvu yokuhomogeniza: Ivalvu yokuhomogeniza yinxalenye echanekileyo edlaka xa isebenza phantsi koxinzelelo oluphezulu ixesha elide. Ukuhlolwa rhoqo kunye nokutshintshwa kuyafuneka ukuqinisekisa isiphumo esizinzileyo sokuhomogeniza.

4. Ukuhambelana neefomyula: Iifomyula ezahlukeneyo (ingakumbi iiproteni kunye nomxholo wamafutha) zinobuthathaka obahlukeneyo kubushushu, kwaye ubushushu kunye nexesha lokubulala iintsholongwane kufuneka zilungiswe ngokufanelekileyo.

5. Ukuthintela ungcoliseko lwesibini: Izinto ezicociweyo kufuneka zithunyelwe kwinkqubo elandelayo kwindawo evaliweyo nengenazintsholongwane. Nakuphi na ukuvuza nangaliphi na inqanaba kunokukhokelela kungcoliseko lwesibini lweentsholongwane, nto leyo ethintela imizamo yokubulala iintsholongwane.

Isishwankathelo

I-tubular sterilizer "sisikhuselo" esiyimfuneko kwimveliso yanamhlanje ye-margarine. Ngenkqubo yokubulala iintsholongwane eqhubekayo yobushushu obuphezulu (HTST), ibulala ngokufanelekileyo iintsholongwane ngelixa ilungelelanisa ngokugqibeleleyo ubudlelwane phakathi kokhuseleko lokutya kunye nomgangatho wemveliso. Iimpawu zayo zokusebenza kakuhle, ukonga amandla kunye nokuzisebenzela ngokuzenzekelayo zenza ukuba ibe sisixhobo esibalulekileyo sokuqinisekisa ukuba iimveliso ze-margarine zihlangabezana nemigangatho ephezulu yomgangatho kunye nokhuseleko.