Umgca Wokucubungula I-Puff Pastry Margarine

Ividiyo yeMveliso:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3cSJknMaYd8

I-margarine yindawo yebhotolo eyenziwe ngeoyile yemifuno, amafutha ezilwanyana okanye eminye imithombo yamafutha. Inkqubo yayo yokuvelisa kunye nezixhobo zokucubungula ziye zavuthwa kakhulu emva kweminyaka yophuhliso. Oku kulandelayo yindlela eneenkcukacha zokuhambisa kunye nokwaziswa kwezixhobo eziphambili:

I. Inkqubo yokuvelisa iMargarin

1. Ukulungiswa kwezinto eziluhlaza

• Izinto eziphambili zokwenza imveliso:

o Iioyile (malunga ne-80%): ezifana neoyile yesundu, ioyile yesoya, ioyile yerapeseed, ioyile yekhokhonathi, njl.njl., ekufuneka zicocwe (ukususa i-gum, ukususa i-asidi, ukususa umbala, ukususa ivumba).

o Isigaba samanzi (malunga ne-15-20%): ubisi oluncitshisiweyo, amanzi, ityuwa, izinto ezixubayo (ezifana ne-lecithin, i-mono-glyceride), izinto zokugcina (ezifana ne-potassium sorbate), iivithamini (ezifana ne-vitamin A, D), iincasa, njl.njl.

o Izongezo: umbala (β-carotene), umlawuli we-asidi (lactic acid), njl.

2. Ukuxuba kunye nokuxuba

• Ukuxuba isigaba seoyile kunye nesigaba samanzi:

o Isigaba seoyile (ioyile + izongezo ezinyibilikayo kwioyile) sitshiswa sibe ngama-50-60℃ size sinyibilike.

o Isigaba samanzi (amanzi + izongezo ezinyibilikayo emanzini) siyafudunyezwa kwaye sicocwe (ukucoca, imizuzwana eyi-72℃/15).

o Ezi zigaba zimbini zixutywe ngokwemilinganiselo, kwaye kongezwa ii-emulsifiers (ezifana ne-mono-glyceride, i-soy lecithin), kwaye kwenziwa i-emulsion efanayo (uhlobo lwamanzi kwi-oyile okanye i-oyile-emanzini) ngokushukumisa ngesantya esiphezulu (2000-3000 rpm).

3. Ukupholisa ngokukhawuleza kunye nokwenza i-crystallization (Inyathelo eliPhambili)

• Ukupholisa ngokukhawuleza: I-emulsion ipholiswa ngokukhawuleza ukuya kwi-10-20℃ nge-scraped surface heat exchanger (SSHE), nto leyo ebangela ukuba i-oyile ikhanye kancinci ukuze yenze i-β' crystal form (isitshixo sokwakheka kakuhle).

• Ukubumba: Amafutha aqinileyo anqunyulwa ngoomatshini kwisixhobo sokuxovula (iPin Worker) ngesantya se-2000-3000 rpm ukuze aphule iikristale ezinkulu aze enze isakhiwo senethiwekhi yamafutha esincinci nesilinganayo, kuthintelwe imvakalelo yokuba mdaka.

4. Ukuvuthwa kunye nokuPakisha

• Ukuvuthwa: Ishiywa ukuba ime kwi-20-25℃ kangangeeyure ezingama-24-48 ukuze kuzinziswe isakhiwo sekristale.

• Ukupakisha: Izaliswa njengeebhloko, iikomityi, okanye uhlobo lokutshiza, kwaye igcinwe efrijini (i-margarine ethambileyo ingagcinwa ngqo kubushushu begumbi).

II. Izixhobo Zokucubungula Ezingundoqo

1. Izixhobo zangaphambi konyango

• Izixhobo zokucoca ioyile: i-degumming centrifuge, inqaba yokususa iasidi, itanki yokususa umbala, inqaba yokususa ivumba.

• Izixhobo zokucubungula amanzi: umatshini wokucoca ngamanzi, i-homogenizer enoxinzelelo oluphezulu (esetyenziselwa ubisi okanye i-homogenizer yesigaba samanzi).

2. Izixhobo zokuxuba

• Itanki ye-emulsion: itanki yentsimbi engatyiwayo enemisebenzi yokuxuba nokufudumeza (njenge-paddle okanye i-turbine type stirrer).

• I-homogenizer enoxinzelelo oluphezulu: phucula ngakumbi amathontsi e-emulsion (uxinzelelo lwe-10-20 MPa).

3. Izixhobo Zokupholisa Ngokukhawuleza

• Isitshintshi sobushushu esikhutshiweyo (SSHE):

o Ipholisa ngokukhawuleza ukuya kwimeko yokubanda, ngesixhobo sokukrwela esijikelezayo ukuthintela ukukrala.

o Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo: iGerstenberg kunye neAgger (eDenmark), iAlfa Laval (eSweden), iSPX flow (e-USA), iShiputec (eTshayina)

• Umsebenzi wePin:

o Sika amafutha ngokusebenzisa iiseti ezininzi zeepini ukuze ulawule ubungakanani bekristale.

4. Izixhobo zokuPakisha

• Umatshini wokuzalisa ozenzekelayo: weebhloko (25g-500g) okanye ukupakisha iibhareli (1kg-20kg).

• Umgca wokupakisha ongeyontsholongwane: ufanelekile kwiimveliso ezihlala ixesha elide (ezifana ne-margarine engamanzi ephathwe nge-UHT).

III. Iinguqulelo zeNkqubo

1. I-Margarine ethambileyo: Inxalenye ephezulu yeoyile engamanzi kwioyile (njengeoyile yelanga), akukho mfuneko yokubumba ngokukhawuleza, ihlanganiswe ngokuthe ngqo kwaye ipakishwe.

2. I-Margarine enamafutha aphantsi: Umxholo wamafutha angama-40-60%, ufuna ukongeza izinto eziqinisayo (ezifana ne-gelatin, i-starch eguquliweyo).

3. IMargarine esekwe kwiZityalo: Ifomula yeoyile yezityalo zonke, akukho zi-trans fatty acids (lungisa indawo yokunyibilika ngokusebenzisa i-ester exchange okanye iteknoloji yokuqhekeka).

IV. Amanqaku Aphambili Olawulo Lomgangatho •

Uhlobo lwekristale: Uhlobo lwekristale ye-β' (engcono kunehlobo lwekristale ye-β) lufuna ulawulo lwesantya sokucima kunye nobunzulu bokuxuba.

• Ukhuseleko lwe-microbial: Isigaba samanzi kufuneka sicocwe ngokungqongqo, kwaye i-pH kufuneka ilungiswe ngaphantsi kwe-4.5 ukuze kuthintelwe iintsholongwane.

• Uzinzo lwe-oxidation: Yongeza ii-antioxidants (ezifana ne-TBHQ, i-vitamin E) ukuze uphephe ukungcoliswa kwee-ion zesinyithi.

Ngokudibanisa ezi nkqubo kunye nezixhobo ezingasentla, ikhrimu yokwenziwa yanamhlanje inokulinganisa incasa yebhotolo ngelixa ihlangabezana neemfuno zempilo ezifana ne-cholesterol ephantsi kunye namafutha agcweleyo aphantsi. Ifomyula ethile kunye nenkqubo kufuneka zilungiswe ngokwendawo ebekwe kuyo imveliso (njengokubhaka okanye ukusetyenziswa kwiindawo zokutya).