Yintoni i-Shortening?
Okokuqala, ingcaciso ekhawulezileyo: Ukufinyeza ngamafutha aqinileyo enziwe ngeoyile yemifuno, amafutha ezilwanyana, okanye indibaniselwano. Umsebenzi wayo oyintloko "kukufinyeza" okanye ukuqhekeza imicu yegluten kwimpahla ebhakiweyo, okwenza ubume obuthambileyo nobuqhekekileyo (umz., kwiicrusts zepayi, iibhisikithi, kunye neebhisikithi).
Umngeni ophambili wetekhnoloji kukuguqula iioyile ezingamanzi zibe ngamafutha eplastiki azinzileyo, aqinileyo kancinci. Oku kufezekiswa ngeenkqubo ezimbini eziphambili:Ukufakelwa kwe-hydrogenationkwayeUkunika umdla, ilandelwe nguUkunciphisa.
Amanyathelo okuCwangcisa okuPhambili
Uhambo oluvela kwi-oyile eluhlaza ukuya kwi-shortening egqityiweyo lubandakanya amanqanaba abalulekileyo aliqela:
1. Ukukhethwa kweoyile kunye nokuxutywa kwayo
- Injongo:Ukwenza umxube weoyile esisiseko kunye neprofayili ye-fatty acid oyifunayo ukuze imveliso yokugqibela isebenze (indawo yokunyibilika, umxholo wamafutha aqinileyo, njl.njl.).
- Inkqubo:Iioyile ezahlukeneyo ezicociweyo, ezifakwe i-bleach, kunye ne-deororized (RBD) ziyalinganiswa kwaye zixutywe. Iioyile eziqhelekileyo ziquka ioyile yesoya, yesundu, yekotoni, yecanola, kunye neoyile yesundu.
2. I-Hydrogenation (Indlela Yesintu)
- Injongo:Ukwandisa inqanaba lokunyibilika kunye nozinzo lweoyile engamanzi ngokwenza ukuba igcwale ngakumbi.
- Inkqubo:Ioyile exutyiweyo ifudunyezwa kwi-reactor ecinezelweyo xa kukho i-nickel catalyst kunye negesi ye-hydrogen.Phawula:Le nkqubo idalaamafutha e-trans, ngoku ezilawulwa kakhulu kwaye zingathandwa ngenxa yeengxaki zempilo. Oku kukhokelele ekukhuleni kobuchwepheshe obunye.
- Iiathom zehydrogen zongezwa kwiibhondi ezimbini ezingagcwaliyo kwimixokelelwane ye-fatty acid.
- Oku kuguqula iioyile ezingamanzi (ezingenamafutha) zibe ngamafutha aqinileyo okanye aqinileyo (amafutha agcweleyo kunye namafutha atshintshiweyo).
3. Ukwazisa umdla (Indlela Yanamhlanje)
- Injongo:Ukulungisa kwakhona ii-fatty acids kumqolo we-glycerol wee-molecule ze-triglyceride ngaphandle kokudala amafutha e-trans. Oku kuvumela abavelisi ukuba benze amafutha aneempawu ezifanelekileyo zokunyibilika kunye ne-crystallization ngomxube weeoyile.
- Inkqubo:Isiphumo:Isiseko sokufinyeza esingenamafutha agqithisileyo esineempawu ezintle zokusebenza.
- I-IE yeKhemikhali:Isebenzisa i-sodium methoxide catalyst ukuqhekeza nokudibanisa kwakhona ii-fatty acids ngokungacwangciswanga.
- I-Enzymatic IE:Isebenzisa ii-enzymes ezithile (umz., ii-lipases) njenge-catalyst. Oku kuchaneke ngakumbi kwaye kuvumela uhlengahlengiso olujoliswe kuyo kodwa kubiza kakhulu.
4. Ukudibanisa kunye nokuxuba
- Amafutha aqinileyo axutywa neoyile engamanzi ukuze kufunyanwe iSolid Fat Index (SFI) efunekayo – umlinganiselo wobunzima kubushushu obahlukeneyo.
- Ii-emulsifiers (umz., ii-monoglycerides, i-lecithin) zongezwa ukuphucula ubume, umthamo, kunye nexesha lokugcinwa kwimveliso yokugqibela ebhakiweyo.
5. Ukuphola kunye nokuQinisa (Ukuphola kunye nokuKhiliza)
Eli lelona nyathelo libalulekileyo ekudaleni isakhiwo sokugqibela kunye "nobuncinci" (ukusasazeka) kwe-shortening.
- Inkqubo:Umxube wamafutha anyibilikisiweyo uphonswa ngeUmvotiokanye i-scraped-surface heat exchanger (SSHE).
- Iyunithi (iChiller):Amafutha apholiswa ngokukhawuleza phantsi koxinzelelo oluphezulu kunye nokushukunyiswa. Oku kukhuthaza ukwakheka kweekristale ezininzi ezincinci ze-beta-prime (β'), ezifanelekileyo ekugudiseni okuthambileyo, okuthambileyo, kunye nokufinyezwa kweplastiki.
- Iyunithi B (Isimo sobushushu):Amafutha abandayo emva koko asebenza kwi-pin-worker okanye kwi-quiescent tube. Oku kuxova amafutha aqinisayo ukuqinisekisa ukwakheka kwekristale ngokufanelekileyo kwaye kuthintele iikristale ezinkulu, ezineengcezu ze-beta (β).
6. Ukulungisa kunye nokuPakisha
- I-shortening esashushu neyenza i-crystallizing ipakishwe (kwiibhafu, kwiityhubhu, okanye kwiikhonteyina ezinkulu).
- I-shortening epakishiweyo ifakwa kwiindawo zokugcina izinto ezilawulwa bubushushu (amagumbi okupholisa) iiyure ezingama-24-72.
- Injongo Yokuthomalalisa:Oku kuvumela ulwakhiwo lwekristale ukuba luzinze ngokupheleleyo kwimo ye-β' efunekayo, kuqinisekisa ukuthungwa okuthe tye, okugudileyo kunye nozinzo lweshelufu.
7. Ukugcina kunye nokuthumela
- I-tempering shortening igcinwa kwaye ithunyelwe phantsi kobushushu obulawulwayo ukuze igcine umgangatho wayo kunye ne-plasticity yayo.
Iingcamango eziphambili zeTekhnoloji
- Ukuqina kweplastiki:Ipropati evumela ukufinyeza ukuba kusasazwe kwaye kuxutywe ngokulula. Kuxhomekeke ekubeni nomxube weekristale eziqinileyo kunye neoyile yolwelo ngaphakathi komlinganiselo othile wobushushu ("uluhlu lweplastiki").
- Ulwakhiwo lwekristale:Uhlobo lwekristale enamafutha lubalulekile.Isalathisi samafutha aqinileyo (i-SFI):Igophe elilinganisa ipesenti yamafutha aqinileyo kwi-shortening kumanqanaba obushushu ahlukeneyo. Sisixhobo esiphambili sokuqikelela ukusebenza kwe-shortening kwisicelo esithile (umz., i-shortening ye-pie crust kunye ne-icing shortening zine-SFI curves ezahlukeneyo kakhulu).
- Iikristale zeBeta-Prime (β'):Iikristale ezincinci ezifana nenaliti ezenza uthungelwano oluhle olukwaziyo ukugcina inani elikhulu leoyile engamanzi. Oku kudala ukufinyela okuthambileyo, okukhrim, kunye neplastiki eninzi.Le yindlela efunwayo.
- Iikristale zeBeta (β):Iikristale ezinkulu, ezirhabaxa, nezifana neengcongolo ezibangela ukuba amafutha abe rhabaxa, aqhekeke, kwaye angabi yiplastiki (umz., ukuba luhlaza kwibhotolo endala).
Isishwankathelo soMzila weMveliso yokuFutshanisa yanamhlanje
Uphuhliso lweTekhnoloji
Le ndlela isiya isuka kakhului-hydrogenation(ngenxa yokuthintelwa kwamafutha e-trans) kwaye ku:
- Ukunika umdla(iikhemikhali kunye ne-enzyme).
- Ukusebenzisa iioyile zendalo eziqinileyo ezifanaIoyile yesundukunye neenxalenye zayo (umz., i-palm olein, i-palm stearin), zihlala zixutywa nezinye ii-oyile ezingamanzi ezizinzileyo ezifana ne-high-oleic sunflower okanye i-canola oil.
- I-Hydrogenation epheleleyo:Ukufaka i-hydrogenation ngokupheleleyo kwioyile (eyenza i-stearine egcweleyo, engenamafutha agqithisileyo) ize emva koko ixutywe neoyile engamanzi. Oku kwahlukile kwi-hydrogenation engaphelelanga, eyadala amafutha agqithisileyo.
Injongo yetekhnoloji yanamhlanje yokunciphisa iifom kukufezekisa iipropati ezifanelekileyo zokusebenza ekubhakeni nasekuqhotseningaphandleukusetyenziswa kwamafutha e-trans okwenziwayo.
Ixesha leposi: Sep-08-2025