Ingxelo yokwenzeka malunga nobungakanani besicelo kunye namathuba ophuhliso lweeoyile ezikhethekileyo kunye namafutha

特种油脂应用范围及发展前景的可研报告

Ingxelo yokwenzeka malunga nobungakanani besicelo kunye namathuba ophuhliso lweeoyile ezikhethekileyo kunye namafutha

第一节特种油脂的简介

特种油脂人造奶油从发明至今已有一百多年的历史。奶油供应不足，法国拿破仑三世悬赏招募，号召制造奶油的代用品。法国化学安恶。 869年制成的奶油油获法国、英国专利。由于這种新产品的组成、外观都与奶油十分，生為“人造奶油”，它还有一名“麦淇淋”，是英文“Margarine”的音译。（可研报告）

Icandelo 1 Intshayelelo kwiioyile ezikhethekileyo kunye namafutha

Ioyile ekhethekileyo efana ne-margarine, inembali engaphezulu kweminyaka elikhulu ukususela ekuvelisweni kwayo. Ngasekupheleni kwenkulungwane ye-19, ngexesha leMfazwe yaseFranco-Prussia, uNapoleon III waseFransi wanikela ngesipho sokufumana umntu oza kuthatha indawo ye-cream eyayingafumaneki eYurophu. UMeggie, isazi semichiza saseFransi. Ioyile ye-cream eyenziwe nguMullis ngo-1869 yanikwa ilungelo lomenzi eFransi naseNgilani. Njengoko imveliso entsha ifana nebhotolo kwimilo yayo nakwimbonakalo yayo, ibizwa ngokuba yi-"Margarine," kunye ne-"margarine," eliguqulelo lolwimi lwesiNgesi lwe-margarine. (Ingxelo yophando olunokwenzeka)

第二节特种油脂的生产工艺

Icandelo 2 Itekhnoloji yokuvelisa iioyile ezikhethekileyo kunye namafutha

（一）生产工艺 Itshati yokuqukuqela kwemveliso

1．人造奶油生产工艺 Inkqubo yemajarini

油相+水相→乳化→巴氏杀菌→急冷→捏合→人造奶油

Isigaba seoyile + isigaba samanzi→Ukuxuba →Ukucoca →Ukucima →Ukuxova →Imargarine

2．起酥油生产工艺 Inkqubo yokunciphisa

基料油→（乳化）→急冷→捏合→起酥油

Ioyile esisiseko→Ukuxuba →Ukucima →Ukuxova →Ukunciphisa

3．代可脂生产工艺 Inkqubo yecocoa ibhotolo endaweni

氢化基料油→急冷→捏合→代可可脂

Ioyile yesiseko seHydrogenation→Ukucima→Ukuxova→Isithathi-ndawo sebhotolo yeKoko

（二）主要设备 Isixhobo esingundoqo

乳化罐（人造奶油、起酥油〕、高压泵、急冷机、捏合机、背压阀、休止管（酥皮油).

Itanki yokuxuba (imargarine kunye nokufinyeza), ipompo ye-HP, i-votator, umatshini we-pin rotor, ivalvu yoxinzelelo lwangasemva, ityhubhu yokuphumla (i-margarine yetafile)

第三节  特种油脂的应用范围Ukusetyenziswa kweoyile ekhethekileyo

（一）乳化剂 iarhente yokumisela

众所周知油、水是不相活的，而我們的人造奶油是由油和水为主要原料生产的，二者之所以能很好的结合则是乳化剂的乳化作用所致。常用的乳化剂有以下几种:

Njengoko sonke sisazi, ioyile namanzi azinyibiliki, kwaye imajarini yethu iveliswa yioyile namanzi njengezinto eziphambili zokwenza imveliso, zombini ezi zinto zinokuba zilungile kakhulu. Ukudibanisa oku kubangelwa yi-emulsification ye-emulsifier. Ii-emulsifiers ezisetyenziswa rhoqo zezi zilandelayo:

1．单甘酯 monoglyceride

单甘酯是目前应用最广泛的乳化剂，是由甘油和油脂反应制得。产品有粉状、颗粒状或糊状，按其纯度可分為蒸馏单甘酯（纯度40－50%）和未蒸馏单甘酯（纯度90%以上）。不溶于水，可溶于油脂（80℃以上）。贮存注意密封保存。

I-Monoglyceride yeyona emulsifier isetyenziswa kakhulu, elungiselelwa yi-reaction ye-glycerol kunye neoyile. Iimveliso ezikwi-powder, granular okanye paste, ngokwendlela ezicoceke ngayo zingahlulwa zibe yi-monoglyceride ecociweyo (ubumsulwa obuyi-40-50%) kunye ne-monoglyceride enganyibilikiyo (ubumsulwa obungaphezulu kwe-90%). Ayinyibiliki emanzini, inyibilikiswe kwi-grease (ngaphezulu kwe-80℃). Yigcine ivaliwe xa uyigcina.

2．卵磷脂 Lecithin

卵磷脂最初取自蛋黄，但由于其成本高且易腐败，生产用大豆磷脂代用卵磷脂。大豆是话。胶的副产品，主要成分為卵磷脂、脑磷脂及肌醇磷脂。精制后呈半透明的粘稠液，在空气中或光线照射下迅速变黄，并逐渐成不透明的褐色。不溶于水，有较好的油溶性及乳化性，是良好的天區义。添加到人造奶油或起酥油中可增强稳定性，增加食品风味,

Ekuqaleni iLecithin yayivela kwiingqayi zamaqanda, kodwa ngenxa yexabiso layo eliphezulu kunye nokonakala kwayo, i-soy lecithin yasetyenziswa endaweni yoko kwimveliso. I-soybean phospholipid yimveliso ephuma kwi-soybean hydration degumming. Izinto zayo eziphambili yi-lecithin, i-lecithin kunye ne-inositol phospholipid. Ulwelo olukhanyayo oluthambileyo olujika lube tyheli ngokukhawuleza emoyeni okanye ekukhanyeni luze lube mdaka ocacileyo. Olunganyibilikiyo emanzini, ukunyibilika kakuhle kweoyile kunye ne-emulsification, yi-emulsifier elungileyo yendalo. I-Lecithin eyongezwe kwi-margarine okanye kwi-shortening inokuphucula uzinzo, yonyuse incasa yokutya, kodwa ikwathintela ukuchitheka kweoyile ngexesha lokupheka, indawo yokugcina kufuneka ibe nombala, ivalwe.

3

蔗糖酯是一种高效而安全的表面活性剂，由蔗糖与脂肪酸反应制得，易溶于水，难水1，稳定，145℃以上会分解。蔗糖酯与单甘酯并用可作人造奶油的乳化剂，对面包、蛋糕有抗作老。

I-Sucrose ester luhlobo lwe-surfactant esebenzayo nekhuselekileyo, elungiselelwe yi-reaction ye-sucrose kunye ne-fatty acid, enyibilikayo emanzini, kodwa enganyibilikiyo kwi-oyile, izinzile kwi-120℃, iya kubola ngaphezulu kwe-145℃. I-Sucrose ester kunye ne-monoglyceride zingasetyenziswa njenge-emulsifier ye-margarine, enefuthe lokulwa nokwaluphala kwisonka kunye nekhekhe.

4．SPAN(司盘 /失水山梨醇脂肪酸酯Sorbitol fatty acid ester）

失水山梨醇脂肪酸酯是由山梨糖醇与脂肪酸反应制得的一类物质，其中我司常用的有SPAN 60、SPAN65两种。SPAN60熔点52－54℃，酸值5－10，SPAN65则分别是55－57℃、12－15，二者碘值均小于2。加热易溶于油脂。最大特性是对油脂结构有稳定作用，可使急冷后的油脂稳定在β′晶体结愚。

I-Sorbitol fatty acid ester luhlobo lwento elungiselelwe yi-reaction ye-sorbitol kunye ne-fatty acid, phakathi kwazo i-SPAN60 kunye ne-SPAN65 zisetyenziswa kakhulu yinkampani yethu. Iqondo lokunyibilika le-SPAN60 yi-52-54℃, ixabiso le-asidi yi-5-10, kwaye ixabiso le-asidi le-SPAN65 yi-55-57℃ kunye ne-12-15 ngokwahlukeneyo, kwaye ixabiso le-iodine lazo zombini lingaphantsi kwe-2. Umhlophe omhlophe okanye otyheli, uzinzo oluhle lobushushu, kunzima ukunyibilika emanzini, kulula ukunyibilika kwioyile xa ishushu. Uphawu olubaluleke kakhulu kukuzinzisa isakhiwo segrisi, esinokwenza igrisi izinze kwisakhiwo sekristale se-β emva kokucima.

（二）抗氧化剂 IAntioxidant

氧化是导致人造奶油、起酥油品质劣化的重要因素，防止氧化，除了考虑。选用原料、加工方法、包装及贮存条件外，还可添加一些安全性高、效果显著的抗氧化剂。抗氧化剂的效果与油脂的种类、精炼程度、FFA的含量、铜铁离子、水分、光线、接触空气及温度有关。我司常用的抗氧化剂如下:

Ukuxinana kwe-oxidation yinto ebalulekileyo ekhokelela ekuwohlokeni komgangatho we-margarine kunye nokufinyezwa kwayo. Ukuthintela ukuxinana kwe-oxidation, ukongeza ekuqwalaseleni ukhetho lwezinto ezikrwada, iindlela zokucubungula, iimeko zokupakisha kunye nokugcina, ezinye ii-antioxidants ezikhuselekileyo nezisebenzayo zingongezwa. Isiphumo se-antioxidants sixhomekeke kuhlobo lweoyile, inqanaba lokucocwa, umxholo we-FFA, ii-ion ze-copper kunye ne-iron, ukufuma, ukukhanya, ukuvezwa emoyeni, kunye nobushushu. Ii-antioxidants zethu ezisetyenziswa rhoqo zezi zilandelayo:

1．BHA (丁基羟基茴香醚）

白色或微黄色蜡状结晶粉末，有特异的酚类臭味和刺激性气味，熔点57－65℃，不溶于水，25℃油中溶解度30－40%，热稳定性好，弱碱下不易被破坏，可用与培烤食品，抗菌能力强。BHA和其它抗氧化剂混合使用，或与增效剂柠檬酸并，抗氧化效果更好。油脂中最大用量0.2g/Kg,人造奶油中0.1g/Kg.

Umgubo wekristale omhlophe okanye omthubi ofana newax, onevumba elikhethekileyo le-phenolic kunye nevumba elibi, iqondo lokunyibilika liyi-57-65℃, onganyibilikiyo emanzini, ukunyibilika kweoyile yi-25℃ 30-40%, uzinzo oluhle lobushushu, i-alkali ebuthathaka ayitshatyalaliswa lula, ingasetyenziswa nokutya okubhaka, amandla okulwa neentsholongwane aqinileyo. I-BHA isebenza ngakumbi xa isetyenziswa kunye nezinye ii-antioxidants okanye ne-citric acid, i-synergist. Umlinganiselo ophezulu yi-0.2g/Kg kwigrisi kunye ne-0.1g/Kg kwimargarine.

2．BHT(丁二基羟基甲苯）

白色结晶或粉末，无味，无臭，熔点69.5－70.5℃,沸点265℃，不溶于水，25℃豆油中可溶30%、棉油中20%，40℃猪油中40%，热稳定性好，具升华性，无BHA的异臭，价格低廉，毒性相对BHA高，抗氧化能力强.油脂中最大用量0.2g/Kg,人造奶油中中文0.1g/Kg,与BHA、柠檬酸合用以“BHT:BHA:柠檬酸=2:2:1”比例为佳.

Ikristale emhlophe okanye umgubo, ayinancasa, ayinavumba, iqondo lokunyibilika liyi-69.5-70.5℃, iqondo lokubila liyi-265℃, ayinyibiliki emanzini, i-25℃ ioyile yesoya iyanyibilika yi-30%, ioyile yomqhaphu yi-20%, i-40℃ ilard yi-40%, uzinzo oluhle lobushushu, i-sublimation, akukho vumba libi le-BHA, ixabiso eliphantsi, ubuthi obunxulumene nekhono eliphezulu le-antioxidant le-BHA. Umlinganiselo ophezulu wamafutha yi-0.2g/Kg, imajarini yi-0.1g/Kg, kwaye umlinganiselo we-BHT: BHA: i-citric acid = 2:2:1 yeyona ilungileyo xa idityaniswe ne-BHA kunye ne-citric acid.

3．TBHQ〔特丁基对苯二酚）

一种新型抗氧化剂，抗氧化效果比BHA、BHT好，最大特点Fe离子存在下不着色。TBHQ添加到油中下到油会异臭，油溶性良好，熔点126.5－128.5℃,可单独使用，也可与BHT、BHA混用，油中最大添加量0.02%.

Uhlobo olutsha lwe-antioxidant, isiphumo se-antioxidant singcono kune-BHA, BHT, uphawu olukhulu lwe-Fe ion xa kungekho mbala. I-TBHQ ayizukuvelisa ivumba okanye ivumba elibi xa longezwa kwioyile, kwaye ioyile inokunyibilika kakuhle. Indawo yokunyibilika yi-126.5-128.5℃. Ingasetyenziswa yodwa okanye ixutywe ne-BHT kunye ne-BHA, kwaye isixa esiphezulu esongeziweyo kwioyile yi-0.02%.

（三）增效剂—柠檬酸 Synergist-citric acid

两种或两种以上抗氧化剂混合使用，或与增效剂并用。象称為增效作用。在植物油中使用酚型抗氧化剂，若同时添加柠檬酸，其抗氧化效析将星高。一般认為柠檬酸能和促进氧化反应的微量金属离子（Cu2+、Fe3+）生成螯合物，从而对促进氧化的金属离子起钝化作用。增效剂的用量一般是酚型抗氧化剂的1/4－1/2.

Umxube wee-antioxidants ezimbini okanye ngaphezulu, okanye i-synergist, udla ngokuba luncedo ngakumbi kunenye kuphela, into eyaziwa ngokuba yi-synergism. Ukuba i-citric acid yongezwa kwi-oyile yemifuno, isiphumo se-antioxidant se-phenolic antioxidants siya kuphucuka kakhulu. Ngokuqhelekileyo kukholelwa ukuba i-citric acid inokwenza ii-chelates ezinee-ion ze-trace metal (Cu2+, Fe3+) ezikhuthaza i-oxidation, ngaloo ndlela zikhuphe ii-ion ze-metal ezikhuthaza i-oxidation. Umthamo we-synergist ngokubanzi yi-1/4-1/2 yaleyo ye-phenolic antioxidant.

（四）防腐剂 Isigcini

人造奶油中的水，尤其是水相中的一些物质（如乳清粉），特别容易引起微生物的繁殖和生长。防腐剂则是具有杀死微生物或抑制微生物繁殖的物质。

Amanzi akwimargarine, ingakumbi ezinye izinto ezikwinqanaba lamanzi (ezifana nomgubo we-whey), athambekele kakhulu ekuzaleni nasekukhuleni kweentsholongwane. Izithinteli zizinto ezibulala iintsholongwane okanye ezithintela ukuzala kwazo.

1

盐既是调味剂又是优良的防腐剂，盐的财存要注意防止受污染和防潮.

Ityuwa yinto yokunambitha incasa kwaye ikwayindlela yokugcina ityuwa ilungile. Ukugcinwa kwetyuwa kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuze kuthintelwe ungcoliseko kunye nokumelana nokufuma.

2

无色或白色鳞片状结晶或粉末，无臭或稍有臭味，在空气中不稳定，可被氧化着色，有吸湿性，易溶于水，对霉菌、酵母及好气性菌均有抑制作用，属酸性防腐剂，宜在PH值5－6以下范围内使用。贤存时。

Iikristale okanye umgubo ongenambala okanye omhlophe onezikhwebu, ezingenavumba okanye ezinevumba elincinci, ezingazinzanga emoyeni, zinokufakwa umbala yi-oxidation, ezithambileyo, ezinyibilikayo lula emanzini, zinefuthe lokuthintela ukungunda, igwele kunye neebhaktheriya ezibandayo, sisigcina-bume esine-asidi, kufuneka sisetyenziswe kwi-PH ye-5-6 ngaphantsi koluhlu. Nika ingqalelo ekukhuseleni ukufuma kunye nokutywina xa ugcina.

（五）色素 I-Pigment

1.β－胡萝卜素 Beta carotene

β－胡萝卜素為理想的天然色素，具价格低、有营养、色调稳定等优点。红紫色。至暗红色的结晶粉末，种有异臭，不溶于水和甘油，难溶于乙醇、丙酮，240℃在植物油中溶解度為0.05－0.10%。β－胡萝卜素对光和氧均不稳定，遇重金属离子（如Fe3+)

I-β-carotene yipigment yendalo efanelekileyo, enexabiso eliphantsi, izondlo kunye nokuzinza kombala. Umgubo wekristale obomvu omfusa ukuya kobomvu obumnyama, ivumba elibi kancinci, ayinyibiliki emanzini nakwiglycerol, ayinyibiliki kwi-ethanol, i-acetone, inyibilika yi-0.05-0.10% kwioyile yemifuno kwi-240℃. I-Beta-carotene ayizinzanga ekukhanyeni nakwioksijini kwaye iba nombala okhanyayo xa ivezwa kwii-ion zesinyithi ezinzima ezifana neFe3+. Indawo yokugcina kufuneka ibekwe kwindawo epholileyo, kwaye uqaphele umthunzi, ungangeni moya.

2.胭脂红 iCarmine

红色或深红色粉末，无臭，溶于水呈红色，不溶于油，耐光性、耐酸性好，耐热性、耐热性、耐热性、菌性差，遇碱变褐色。吸湿性强，宜赞存于干燥、阴凉处，长期保存，应湿性强，宜赞存于干燥、阴凉处，长期保存，应注注意寘密。

Umgubo obomvu okanye omdaka, awunavumba, ubomvu emanzini, awunyibiliki kwioyile, umelana nokukhanya, umelana ne-asidi elungileyo, umelana nobushushu, umelana nokunciphisa, umelana nebhaktheriya ophantsi, i-alkali ijika ibe mdaka. Ipropati enamandla ye-hygroscopic, kufuneka igcinwe kwindawo eyomileyo, epholileyo, igcinwe ixesha elide, kufuneka iqwalasele ukutywinwa, ingangeni kumswakama, kwaye ithintele ukubola.

3.柠檬黄 Lemon yellow

橙黄色粉末，无臭，0.1%水溶液呈黄色，不溶于油脂，耐热性、耐酸性, 耐盐性均好，耐氧性、耐碱性差，遇碱变红色。贮存注意事项同胭脂红。

Umgubo otyheli o-orenji, awunavumba, isisombululo samanzi esingu-0.1% sityheli, asinyibiliki kwioyile, simelana nobushushu, simelana ne-asidi, simelana netyuwa, simelana neoksijini, simelana ne-alkali sibi, sijika sibe bomvu xa sikwi-alkali. Amanyathelo okugcina ayafana ne-carmine.

（六）风味添加剂 Umenzeli wencasa

1

食用香精是用各种安全性高的香料和稀释剂等调和而成，可分為油溶性和水溶性两大类以外。 、透明液存在，但以精炼植物油为稀释剂的油溶性香精低温时挥发性，赞存时要注意置于阴凉处（10－30℃為宜），并注意防晒、防潮、防火处。 6

Incasa yokutya yenziwe ngeendidi ezahlukeneyo zeziqholo kunye neencindi ezinokhuseleko oluphezulu, ezinokwahlulwa zibe ziindidi ezimbini: ezinyibilikayo kwioyile kunye nezinyibilikayo emanzini. Uninzi lwazo lukhona kulwelo olucacileyo nolucacileyo, kodwa i-oyile enyibilikayo kunye neoyile yemifuno ecociweyo njengencindi iya kuxinana kubushushu obuphantsi. Zonke iincasa zinokuguquguquka okuthile, indawo yokugcina kufuneka iqwalaselwe ukuba ibekwe kwindawo epholileyo (ifanelekile ukuba yi-10-30℃), kwaye iqwalaselwe kwi-sunscreen, ingangeni kumswakama, kwaye ithintele umlilo. Incasa emva kokuvulwa, akufuneki iqhubeke igcinwa, kungcono ukuyisebenzisa yonke. Fudumeza izinto ezibuthathaka, qaphela ixesha lokufaka, kwaye uqaphele ukuze zisasazwe ngokulinganayo kwizinto.

2. Ityuwa

如前所述盐既是防腐剂，又是风味调节剂。其既具有防腐作用，又具有使奶油具有咸味.脂的熔点较低，食盐添加量少；夏季原料油脂的熔点较高，食盐添加量较多。食盐的财存要注意防潮。

Njengoko bekutshiwo ngaphambili, ityuwa iyinto yokugcina izinto kunye nokulawula incasa. Inomsebenzi wokonga, kodwa ikwanomsebenzi wokwenza ikhrimu ibe netyuwa. Ebusika, iqondo lokunyibilika kweoyile eluhlaza liphantsi kwaye inani letyuwa elongeziweyo lincinci. Ehlotyeni, iqondo lokunyibilika kweoyile eluhlaza liphezulu kwaye inani letyuwa lingaphezulu. Ityuwa kufuneka igcinwe kumswakama.

3．乳清粉 I-Whey inkungu

在人造奶油中添加乳清粉是為了增加其风味性。乳清粉的主要成分是蛋白质，其其具有一个时候。一定条件下易变性且不可逆的特性，在贖存和使用中要尤其注意。具体影响因素如下:

Umgubo weWhey wongezwa kwimargarine ukuze wongeze incasa yawo. Eyona nto iphambili kwiwhey powder yiproteni, etshintshatshintshayo kwaye ingaguquki phantsi kweemeko ezithile. Ingqwalasela ekhethekileyo kufuneka inikwe kuyo xa igcinwa kwaye isetyenziswa. Izinto ezithile ezinefuthe zezi zilandelayo:

（1）化学因素：酸、碱、有机溶剂、重金属盐类、表面活性剂等。

（2）物理因素：加热（高温）、紫外线、超声波、强烈的搅拌、振荡、挤压、各种射。

(1) Izinto zekhemikhali: i-asidi, isiseko, isinyibilikisi sendalo, iityuwa zesinyithi esinzima, izinto ezibangela ukudumba, njl.njl.

(2) Izinto ezibonakalayo: ukufudumeza (ubushushu obuphezulu), i-ultraviolet, i-ultrasonic, ukushukuma okukhulu, ukushukuma, ukuphuma, imisebe eyahlukeneyo.

4

乳脂是天然的奶油，為了增加人造奶油的营养和风味而添加。低温、阴凉、干燥处存放。

I-Butterfat yikhrimu yendalo, yongezwa ukonyusa izondlo kunye nencasa ye-margarine. Gcina kwindawo epholileyo, epholileyo neyomileyo.

（七）消泡剂――乳化硅油 Deformer-Silicone emulsion

在食品煎炸生产中，有时会产生大量的泡沫，若不及时消泡，则油或泡沫作，甚至造成生产事故。我司生产的“KFC”煎炸油中添加乳化硅油，就是利用了它的消泡作用.

乳化硅油为乳白色油状液体，其粘度受温度影响不大，不燂，在空气中不挥发、性质稳定，无毒，无臭，可溶于水。

Kwimveliso yokuqhotsa ukutya, ngamanye amaxesha kuya kubakho igwebu elininzi, ukuba ayilokuqhotsa ngexesha elifanelekileyo, ioyile okanye igwebu liya kuphuma kwisikhongozeli, lithintele ukusebenza, kwaye lide libangele iingozi zemveliso. Ioyile ye-silicone exutyiweyo yongezwa kwioyile yokuqhotsa ye-"KFC" eveliswa yinkampani yethu, esebenzisa isiphumo sayo sokuqhotsa.

Ioyile ye-silicone exutyiweyo lulwelo lweoyile emhlophe efana nobisi, i-viscosity yayo ayichaphazeleki bubushushu, ayitshi, ayiguquguquki emoyeni, izinzile, ayinatyhefu, ayinavumba, iyanyibilika emanzini.

第四节  特种油脂行业的发展前景 Uphuhliso olunokwenzeka lweshishini leoyile ekhethekileyo

我国特种油品市场发展迅速，为与汽车配套使用的消费品，润滑油已经逐步转变为普通消费用品。现在随着机械化水平的提高，润滑油行业发展也随之兴起。机械化的程度越高，润滑油的使用率就越高，前景一片光明，润滑油产业市场发展将趋稳增长。

我国特种油品行业需发挥雄厚科研技术力量优势，把握国际发展趋势，不断完善相关特种油品相关标准，例如我国电力行业很少执行SH0040-91超高压变压器油标准，大部分采用符合国际标准的进口油。我国特种油品企业将会面对广阔的市场需求，迎來更好的机遇.

Imakethi yeoyile ekhethekileyo iphuhla ngokukhawuleza. Kwiimpahla zabathengi ezisetyenziswa kwiimoto, ioyile yokuthambisa iye yaguqulwa kancinci kancinci yaba ziimveliso zabathengi eziqhelekileyo. Ngoku ngokuphuculwa kwenqanaba loomatshini, uphuhliso lweshishini leoyile yokuthambisa nalo luyakhula. Okukhona inqanaba loomatshini liphezulu, kokukhona inqanaba lokusetyenziswa kweoyile yokuthambisa liphezulu, ithemba liqaqambile, uphuhliso lwemarike yeshishini leoyile yokuthambisa luya kuba lukhula oluzinzileyo.

Ishishini leoyile ekhethekileyo laseTshayina kufuneka lisebenzise ngokupheleleyo iingenelo zophando lwesayensi oluqinileyo kunye netekhnoloji, liqonde indlela yophuhliso lwamazwe ngamazwe, kwaye liphucule rhoqo imigangatho efanelekileyo yeemveliso zeoyile ezikhethekileyo. Umzekelo, ishishini lamandla ombane laseTshayina alisebenzisi rhoqo imigangatho yeoyile ye-SH0040-91 ye-voltage ephezulu kakhulu, kwaye uninzi lwazo lwamkela ioyile engeniswa kwamanye amazwe ehlangabezana nemigangatho yamazwe ngamazwe. Amashishini eoyile ekhethekileyo aseTshayina aya kujongana neemfuno zemarike ezibanzi kwaye angenise amathuba angcono.